COVID-19 Plain language glossary: English - Sotho

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TERM PLAIN ENGLISH DEFINITION TRANSLATION TRANSLATION
Adverse events Adverse events Any health problem that happens after a shot or other vaccine. An adverse event might be truly caused by a vaccine, or it might be pure coincidence. Ditlamorao (Ketsahalo tse Mpe) Bothata bofe kapa bofe bo ka hlahang ka morao ho amohela ente. Bothata bona bo ka bakwa ke ente kapa hwa iketsahalla fela hore o kule.
Anaphylaxis / Anaphylactic shock Allergic reaction A very extreme allergic reaction that can cause a shock to the body, and symptoms can include skin rash, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing and shock. (Tshwaetso mmele) Se sa tsamaisaneng le mmele. Dihanammele Ho sa tsamaisane(dumellane) le mmele ho bakang tshitiso ya phallo ya madi mmeleng, o ka bona ka matshwao a kang makgopo a masesane, ho nyekelwa ke pelo, ho hlatsa le ho hema ka boima .
Antibodies Antibodies Antibodies are proteins that our bodies make to fight a specific illness that attacks our bodies. They are specialised soldiers that the body uses to fight every illness differently. When a new virus like COVID-19 comes attacks us it take the body a few days to create the soldier antibodies that can attack it. Masole a mmele Mmele ya rona e aha di matlafatsi tse nang le bokgoni ba ho lwantsha mafu a fapaneng a ka re hlaselang, di matlafatsi tsena eba ona masole e mmele o a sebedisang ho lwantsha ho kula ka tsela tse fapaneng. Ha kokwanahloko e ntjha jwalo ka COVID-19 e leka ho re hlasela, mmele ya rona enka matsatsi a se makae ho kopanya masole a mmele a nepahetseng ho ka e lwantsha.
Asymptomatic infection Asymptomatic An infection without symptoms; no signs of illness. (ho sa bonahaleng) Disabonweng Ho kula empa o sa ikutlwi ebile o sa bontshe matshwao
Bacteria Bacteria Bacteria, also called germs to small to see with the naked eye. Some bacteria are good for you, while others can make you sick. Kokwanahloko Ke kokwanahloko kapa tshila e sa bonweng ka mahlo fela, hona le tse mmele o di hlokang le tse ka re kudisang
Booster dose Booster dose An additional dose of a vaccine needed periodically to 'boost' the immune system. Booster dose (Tekanyetso ya di matlafatsi) Ente e lekanyeditsweng e hlajwang nako le nako ho thusa ho phahamisa masole a mmele
Breaking News Breaking news New and important information Ditaba tsa bohlokwa (Ditaba) Ditaba tse ntjha tsa bohlokwa
Chest Pain Chest pain When you feel pain in your chest or heart area Sefuba se bohloko Ha o utlwa ho le bohloko ka sefubeng kapa haufi le pelo ya hao
Clinical trial Clinical trial A clinical trial tests the effectiveness and safety of medications, vaccines or medical devices by monitoring their effects on large groups of people. Clinical trials have many steps, and only the last few involve testing medicines on human beings. Clinical trial results are checked by independent experts. Teko tsa bongaka (Diteko) Ke diteko tse etswang ho netefatsa tshebetso le polokeho ya meriana, di ente le di sebediswa tsa bophelo bo botle. Di teko tsena di na le mekga e fapaneng, mme ke tse mmalwa tse ho sebediswang sehlopha sa batho ho fihlella di pheto tse fapaneng. Di teko tsena di lekolwa ke ditsibi tse ikemetseng.
Communicable Communicable a disease that spreads from one person or animal to another. Some bacteria and viruses can cause communicable diseases. Other diseases – that do not spread from person to person, like diabetes or hypertension – are called ‘non-communicable’. Tshwaetsano (lefu le tshwaetsanang) Ke bolwetsi bo botshwaetsanang pakeng tsa batho kapa diphoofolo. Kokwanahloko kapa mafu a mang a ka baka ho kula ho tshwaetsanang. Ha a mang a kang lefu la tswekere kapa kgatello ya madi ese mafu a tshwaetsanang
Comorbidity Pre-existing disease Pre-existing diseases are conditions that a person has before getting another disease . In the context of COVID-19 it refers to existing chronic diseases – like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes or hypertension, to name a few – that could put people at a higher risk of developing complications if they are infected with the Corona virus. Lefu le sentse le le teng Ke mafu a neng a ntse a le teng pele ho fihla le letjha. Mona re bua ka mafu a sa phekoleheng papisong le COVID-19- e kaba lefu la pelo, tswekere, kgatello ya madi ho fana ka a mmalwa, ana a ka baka mathata ha motho a ka tshwarwa ke Coronavirus
Congregate settings Gatherings When many people come together at the same place and at the same time. Eg: parties, marches, schools, prisons, churches etc. Dikopano Moo batho ba bangata ba kopaneng sebakeng se le seng ka nako e lenngwe. E kaba moketeng, mohwantong, sekolong, tjhankaneng, di kerekeng le tse ding.
Consipracy Theory Fake news story Fake news stories are created to combined some facts and incorrect information to create a story that will convince people that what is told to them by people in authority like governments, healthcare workers and scientists is not true and will hurt them Ditaba tsa leshano (Ditaba tsa bohatal Ke ditaba tse senang nnete tse iketseditsweng mme tsa kopanywa le dintlha le lesedi le fosahetseng ka sepheho sa ho kgodisa batho hore ditaelo tse tswang mmusong, ho basebeletsi ba tsa bophelo bo botle mmoho le ditsibi ha di molemong wa batho mme di etseditswe ho ba utlwiswa bohloko.
Contract Become infected To catch or develop a disease – you can become infected Covid-19, for example, by breathing in the droplets of someone who is infected with the virus. Ho fumana tshwaetso Ho tshwaetswa kapa ho kudiswa - O ka tshwaetswa ke COVID-19, mohlala: ka ho hema marothodi a fumang moyeng a kokwanahloko ena hotswa motho e mong ya nang le tshwaetso.
Contra-indications medicines clash When a medicine, or medical process should not be used because it may be harmful to that person because of pre-existing conditions or other medicine they are using. Ho se dumellane ha meriana e fapaneng Ha meriana kapa ditshebeletso tse ding tsa bongaka di sa tlameha ho sebediswa hobane di ka baka kotsi ho motho ya seng antse a kula, a enwa meriana e meng bakeng sa mafu a mang ka ba la ho se dumellane ha meriana eo.
Control group Control group In any medical experiment or trial, scientists compare what happens when you give an active medicine linke a vaccine to one group to what would happen to a group if no active medicine or vaccine was given was given to them. The group that did not receive the active medicine are called the ‘control group’. Sehlopha sa taolo Ha ditsibi di etsa diteko bakeng sa lefu le itseng, ba nka sehlopha se ba tla sefa meriana mme ho be le se sa fuweng letho ho fumana di pheto tse fapaneng. Sehlopha se sa fuwang letho ke sona se re se bitsang sa taolo .
Coping Coping Being able to get through a difficult experience undefined Ho eba le bokgoni ba ho feta nakong tse thata
Data Information Facts, evidence and statistics Tlhahisoleseding Lintlha, Bopaki le Dipalo-palo (Dipoelo)
Depopulation Depopulation A process of inetntionally trying to kills antire populations and communities to have less people in the world. There is a lot of fake news that tries to convince people that COVID-19 or vaccines are meant to kill people. Ho fokotsa batho Ke ho sebedi mokgwa o itseng ho bolaya batho le metse ya bona ka maikemisetso a ho fokotsa palo ya batho ba teng lefatsheng. Jwalo ka ditaba tsa leshano tse lekang ho kgodisa batho hore Covid-19 mmoho le ente di etseditswe ho bolaya batho.
Depression Depression A mental health problem where a person feels very sad, tired, unable to cope and have no enegry for long periods of time Kgatello ya maikutlo Ke bothata ba bohloko ba kelello moo motho a ikutlwang a sa thaba, a kgathetse, ase a sa kgone ebile a sena matla boholo ba nako.
Diabetic Diabetic A person with high or low insulin levels Tswekere Motho e tswekere ya hae e ka phahamang kapa ya eba ka tlase ho di tekanyetso tsa mmele
Diagnosis / Diagnose Diagnosis/ Diagnose To recognise a disease by its signs and symptoms is to diagnose a disease. If you test positive for Covid-19, you have a positive diagnosis for the virus Ho Lemoha Ho lekola lefu le itseng ka matshwao a lona ke ho lemoha lefu leo. Ha eba eba diteko tsa hao di kgutla di bontsha o na le tshwaetso ya Covid-19, Di tekolo tsa hao ke ha di bontsha hantle o na le tshwaetso
DNA DNA The small chemical that determines how a cell will look and what it will do DNA
Dose Dose The amount of a medicine that you are allowed to take at one time Tekanyetso Bonyane ba moriana oo o dumelletsweng ho onwa ka nako e lenngwe.
Drug resistance Vaccine resistant When a virus changes it becomes hard for the vaccines or medicines that are created to fight it to find it in our bodies. The vaccine will not work if the virus has changed too much. Ho hana ente Ha kokwanahloko e fetoha, ho eba boima bakeng sa meriana le ente tse seng di entswe bakeng sa yona ho e fumana le ho e lwantsha mmeleng ya rona. Ente e keke ya sebetsa ha kokwanahloko e fetofetoha hangata.
Dry Cough Dry Cough A cough that feels like it is coming more from irritation in your throat Ho Hohlela ho omeletseng Ho hohlela hona o ka utlwa eka hotswa kgokgothong e bohloko
Effective works We say a vaccine "works” when it helps the body fight against a virus or bacteria E a sebetsa Re re ente "e a sebetsa" ha e thusa mmele ho lwana kgahlano le dikokwanahloko tse fapaneng.
Efficacy Efficacy This tells us how well a vaccine works. The “efficacy” of a vaccine is its ability to prevent illness and create immunity against a virus or bacteria. Tshebetso Sena se bontsha hore ente e sebetsa hole hokae. "Tshebetso" ya ente e bonwa ke ha ena le bokgoni ba ho sireletsa kgahlano le ho kula, mme e o tshireletsa hore o se ke wa kula kapa wa kenwa ke dikokwanahloko.
Evidence Proven facts Facts or information which tell you whether an idea or belief is true Dinnete tse nang le bopaki Di ntlha kapa tlhahisoleseding e o pakelang ha eba mohopolo o itseng ke tumelo fela kapa ke nnete
Experiment Experiment An operation or procedure carried out by scientists under controlled conditions in order to discover or investigate something unknown; to test or establish a hypothesis. Teko Ke lenaneo leo ditsibi di le sebedisang ho beha se seng leihlo ka maikemisetso a ho fumana kapa ho fuputsa disatsejweng, ho etsa diteko le hotla ka bopaki ba mohopolo oitseng.
Exposed/exposure Exposed When you have been in contact with a person that has a virus lik COVID-19 undefined Ha oile wa kopana le motho ya nang le kokwanahloko e tshwanang le COVID-19
Flattening the curve Flattening the curve Slowing down the spread of COVID-19 so that there are not too many people sick at the same time and hospitals are not too busy to help everyone undefined Ho fokotsa ho ata ha tshwaetso ya COVID-19 le ho fokotsa palo ya batho ba kulang ka nako e lenngwe hore dipetlele tsa rona di se ke tsa tlala haholo moo ba sitwang le ho thusa batho bohle
headache headache Pain in your head Hloho e opang Bohloko bo opisang hloho
High fever High fever When your tempreture is above 37 degrees usually leads to sweating Motjheso o hodimo Ha motjheso wa hao ole ka hodimo ho 37° ha ngata ho lebisa ho fufulelwa
Hotline Hotline A phone services that provides specific information Hotline (Nomoro ya Tshebetso) Mohala o sebediswang bakeng sa ho fana ka lesedi la di tshebeletso tse itseng
hypertension hypertension High blood pressure Kgatello ya madi Kgatello e phahameng ya madi
hypotension hypotension Low blood pressure Kgatello ya madi Kgatello e tlase ya madi
Immune response Immune response The way you body fights against bacteria, viruses, and substances that appear foreign and harmful. Karabelo ya bokgoni ba ho itshereletsa kgahlano le mafu Ke ka moo mmele wa hao o itwanelang kgahlano le kokwanahloko, mafu le dintho tse sa tlamehang ho ba mmeleng wa hao mme di ka nna tsa o bakela mahloko aitseng.
Immune system Immune system All the parts of your body that fights against virus and germ. The immune system keeps a record of every germ/bacteria/virus it has ever defeated so it can recognise and destroy it quickly if it enters the body again. We say the immune system has a memory. Sesole sa mmele Ditho tse fapaneng tsa mmele tse sebetsang mmoho ho lwana kgahlano le kokwanahloko le tshila. Masole a mmele a hopola tshwaetso, kokwanahloko le lefu lefe kapa lefe obileng le lona mme wa le hlola. Sena ke hore nakong etlang ha o ka kula hape e hlokomele kapele mme ehle e lwantshe lefu leo. Re bolela hore ditho tsa mmele di a hopola
Immunisation Immunisation Is the process where a person's body is given a vaccine that helps it fight a new virus like COVID-19 Ho entwa Ke tshebetso eo mmele wa motho o fuwang ente e thusang ho itwanela kgahlano le mafu a matjha a kang COVID-19
Immunity Immunity When your immune system has a memory of a virus and sends the correct antibodies to fight the virus. This memory can be created by a vaccine Ho tshireletseha Ha masole a mmele wa hao a hopola kokwanahloko a romella di lwantsha kokwanahloko tse nepahetseng ho lwantsha kokwanahloko eo. Ho hopola hona ho ka ahwa ka ho enta
Immuno- compromised Immuno-compromised Having a weak ability for your body to fight a disease because of pre-exiting diseases Kotsing ya ho kula Ha mmele wa hao o sena matla a ho ka kgona ho lwantsha kokwanahloko ka lebaka la mafu a mang a sentse a o tshwere
Incubate Incubate Before you get symptoms of a particular illness, the bacteria or virus that causes disease is spreading slowly in your body to make you feel sick. Hlahisa (Thlaiso) Pele o ka bona matshwao a mafu a itseng,kokwanahloko e bakang ho kula e se entse e kena mmeleng hanyane hanyane pele o ikutlwa o kula
Infectious Infectious Contagious/catchy – capable of making an infection Tshwaetso Ea hahlamela/tshwaetsa - e ka baka ho ka fumana di tshwaetso
Inoculation Inoculation Another word for vaccination or immunisation – the process where you become immune to an infectious disease. Ho enta Lentswe le sebediswang bakeng sa ho aha masole a mmele - tshebetso e thusang kgahlano le ho kula
Interaction how medicines mix Some medicines have effects on each other, or may make it difficult or easier for other medicines to work. This can cause side effects or can make a medicine work better. Always tell a doctor what medicine you are using when they need to give you more medicine. Ka moo meriana e tswakang ka teng Meriana e meng e ama emeng, e ka etsa ho be bonolo kapa bobebe ho ka e sebedisa hore e meng e sebetse. Sena se ka baka ditlamorao kapa tsa thusa meriana emeng ho sebetsa betere. Ka mehla bolella ngaka ya hao ka meriana o se ntse oe sebedisa pele o amohela e meng.
Jab Jab A word that describes getting a vaccine dose Ho Hlaba Lentswe le hlalosang ho hlaba bale ya ente
Laboratory undefined A place equipped for experimental study in a science or for testing and analysis a research undefined Sebaka se nang le di sebediswa tsohle tsa ho ka etsa diteko tsa saenase kapa ho tutsa ho itseng le ho etsa di patlisiso
Lockdown Lockdown A government regulation to limits people's movements and makes certain health behavours complusory Ho kginwa ha di tshebeletso tse itseng Engwe ya melao ya mmuso e kginang metsamao ya batho mme e qobella boitshwaro bo nepahetseng ba bophelo bo botle
Mandatory compulsory Required by a law or rule: obligatory/compulsory Qobello Ke molao kapa taelo: wa qobelleha/tlameha
Microscopic very small Something so small that you cannot see it with the naked eye – something you can only see through a microscope. Bacteria and viruses are microscopic, for example E nyenyane haholo Ke nthonyana e nyenyane o kekeng wa e bona ka mahlo fela- ke ntho o ka e bonang ka microscope. Dikokwanahloko le tsona di ka bonwa ka microscope.
Mimic copy To copy / look-like / imitate something Kopisa Ho qopitsa, etsisa hohong
mRNA mRNA Messenger-RNA are small chemicals that send messages to your cells to tell them about how a new virus that has not attacked the body yet will look. It is used in vaccines to create immune system memory mRNA Morumua- RNA ke di khemikhale tse romelang molaetsa ho ditho tsa mmele ho di tsibisa ka kokwanahloko e so di hlaseleng. E sebediswa le ka hare ho ente ho bopa molaetsa wa kgopolo.
Mucus Mucus A slim found in the body Sekgohlela Ke lero le fumanwang mmeleng
Myths Myths A widely held but false belief or idea. There are many myths – otherwise known as fake news or fictions – about Covid-19 and vaccines Ditumelo (Tumelo) Ke mopolo kapa taba eo batho ba bangata ba dumelang ho yona empa e sena nnete. Hona le Tumelo tse ngata- Tseo eseng nnete - Tse mabapi le ente ya COVID-19
Non-pharmaceutical interventions health behaviours Things that every person can do to prevent a disease that does not involve taking medicine Bo itshwaro bo botle Dintho tse batho ba ka di etsang ho itshereletsa kgahlano le tshwaetso ntle le meriana
Nurse Nurse A health worker that is the first and most regular person to give you care at a medical facility Mooki Mosebeletsi wa tsa bophelo bo botle e leng wa pela mme atlanneng a o thusa hangata ha oile bookelong
Nursing Nursing A job where people care for the medical needs of people in clinics and hospitals Booki Mosebetsi wa ho hlokomele ditlhoko tsa bakudi tsa bophelo bo botle di tliliniking le dipetlele
Open spaces Open spaces Places that are outdoors and have a lot of fresh air Dibaka tse bulehileng Dibaka tse kantle mme tse nang le moya o mongata o hlwekileng
Pandemic Pandemic A pandemic is an when a disease spreads across a large region, for instance multiple continents or worldwide, affecting a large number of people. Sewa Sewa ke ha kokwanahloko e itjala ho phatlalla le sebaka, e kaba di kontinenteng tse balwang kapa lefatshe ka bophara, e ama dipalo tse hodimo tsa batho
PCR test covid test A test that uses a sample from the back of your nose and mouth to know if there is COVID-19 virus in your body. The test can be done in a clinic, hospital, laboratory or even in your car Teko ya Covid Teko e sebedisang sampole e hlahang morao ka hare ho nko le molomo ho tseba ha eba mmele wa hao o na le tshwaetso ya COVID-19. Diteko tsena di ka etswa tliliniking, sepetlele, laboratoring kapa ka koloing ya hao
Peer review independently tested The process where scientists who were not involved with the trial – or who are independent experts – check test results for a scientific study is called peer review. This is a way of making sure that the results of an experiment/trial/study are accurate Diteko tse ikemetseng Tshebetso ya borasaense (ditsibi) tse sa amaneng le diteko tsa bongaka - ke batho ba ikemetseng- ba lekolang di poelo bakeng sa boithuto ba mahlale tse bitswang peer review (ho bolelang ho hlahlobana). Ena ke tsela ya ho etsa bonnete ba hore di poelo tsa diteko di nepahetse
Placebo Placebo Substance or treatment that has no effect on human beings. Placebo(e senang thuso) Di ntho kapa kalafo tse sa ameng batho
Population immunity Population immunity Also known as herd immunity’, population immunity is when at least 70% of a community have antibodies that help them fight a new virus like COVID-19. This can happen through many people being infected with the virus or through many people getting a vaccine Tshireletso ya baahi Tshireletso ya baahi ke ha bonyane di peresente tse 70 tsa baahi di tshireletsehile hore masole a mmele a bona aka lwana kgahlano le kokwanahloko tse ntjha jwalo ka COVID-19. Sena se ka bakwa ke ha batho ba bangata ba fumana tshwaetso kapa ba amohela ente.
PPE PPE Personal protective equipment (PPE), is equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause injuries and illnesses. Masks are part of PPE. PPE
Public health Public Health Public health is the process of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities. Bophelo bo botle ba Setjhaba Bophelo bo botle ba Setjhaba ke tshebetso ya ho tshireletse le ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle ba batho le metse ya rona.
Public spaces Public spaces Anypublic place where people who are not from home can gather Dibaka tsa setjhaba Sebaka sefe kapa sefe seo batho ba satsweng lelapeng le le leng ba ka kopanang teng
Quarantine Quarantine When a person who is or could be infected with a virus needs to stop being with other people so that they do not spread the virus Ho ikwalla Ha motho a nang le tshwaetso ya kokwanahloko kapa a nahana ona le tshwaetso o lokela ho emisa ho kopana le batho ba bang hore a se ke a ba tshwaetsa
Register Register The process using your phone or comupter to give your details so that you can get the vaccine Ho Ingodisa Mokgwa o sebediswang wa ho nehelana ka dintlha tsa hao bakeng sa ho ingodisetsa ho enta, e kaba ka mohala wa thekeng kapa ka komporo ya hao
Replicate undefined When a virus is spreading in your body, it is making more copies of the virus Ipheta-pheta Ha tshwaetso ya kokwanahloko e hasana mmeleng, e atisa tshwaetso
Review Review The process of checking if a vaccine is safe before it gets approved by government. Evidence from more than one phase of a clinical trial can be reviewed at the same time while the experiment continues Hlahlobo Ke tshebetso ya ho lekola polokeho ya ente pele mmuso o ka e amohela. Bopaki botswang ho karolo e lenngwe ya diteko tsa bongaka e ka hlahlojwa ha ntse ho etswa diteko tse ding
Saline Salt water A solution of salt in water Metsi a letswai Motswako wa metsi le letswai
Sanitize Sanitise To clean you hands with an alcohol based substance Hlwekisa Ho hlwekisa matsoho a hao ka se sebediswa se nang le jwala ka hare.
SARS COV-2 COVID-19 Covid-19, also known as the Corona Virus or SARS-CoV-2, is a mild to severe illness attacks parts of the body that help people breath. It spreads through droplets in the air or from toucing people or thing that have the droplets that have the virus in it COVID-19 COVID-19 e tsejwang ka Corona Virus kapa SARS-COV-2 ke ho kula ho sesane ho isa ho kula haholo ho hlaselang ditho tsa mmele tse thusang ho hema. O ka fumana tshwaetso ka ho e hema marothoding a fumanwang moeng le ho tshwara dibaka tse nang le marothodi ana anang le tshwaetso
Screening Screening Screening is questions asked to determine a person’s risk of infection for a particular disease. Dihlahlobo Ke dipotso tse botswang ho fumana ha eba o kotsing ya ho tshwaetswa ke lefu le itseng
Self-Isolation Self-isolation Is a way to keep yourself from possibly infecting others if you think you might be infected. It involves limiting contact with public places, relatives, friends, colleagues, and public transport Ho ikarohanya ( ho ba thoko le batho) Ke mokgwa wa ho thiba ho ka tshwaetsa ba bang ha eba mohlomong o nahana o na le tshwaetso. Ho akga ka hare ho kgaotsa ho etela dibaka tse fapanang, ba leloko, metswalle, basebetsi mmoho le ho sebedisa di palangwang tsa setjhaba.
Social distancing social distancing The practice of maintaining a greater than usual physical distance (such as 1.5 meters or more) from other people. Arohana /Karohano Ho itlwaetsa ho boloka sebaka dipakeng (bo ka lekanang le mitara le halofo) hole le batho ba bang
Soreness Soreness Pain in your muscles and joints Ho opa (opelwa ke mmele/bohloko) Bohloko ba manonyeletso le ditho tsa mmele
Spike Protein Spike protein The COVID-19 virus looks like it was many small stick on it. These sticks have bad protein that help COVID-19 to enter the body and attach to parts of the body that have good protein that it starts to attack Spike Protein Kokwanahloko ya COVID-19 e shebahala eka ke dithutswana tse ngata tse nyenyane ho yona. Thutswana tsena di na le di matlafatsi tse fosahetseng tse thusang COVID-19 ho kena mmeleng mme e itshwareletse ho ditho tsa mmele tse nang le di matlafatsi tse nepahetseng mme e qale ho o hlasela
Susceptible vulnerable When a person can get sick quickly or because of pre-exiting diseases could get very sick Kotsing Ha motho a ka kula ha bobebe kapele kapa ka lebaka la hore o se antse ana le mafu mang a ka etsang a kule kapele
Symptoms Symptoms Physical or mental signs of an illness. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, dry cough, and tiredness. Other symptoms that are less common and may affect some patients include loss of taste or smell, aches and pains, headache, sore throat, nasal congestion, red eyes, diarrhoea, or a skin rash Matshwao Matshwao a mmele le a kelello a bontshang ho kula. Matshwao a tlwahelehileng a COVID-19 ke motjheso, ho hohlola le mokgathala. A mang a matshwao a teng ke a sa tlwaelehang mma a ka amang bakudi ba bang a kenyeletsa ho lahlehelwa ke tatso ya dijo kapa ya monko, ho opelwa le mahlaba, hloho, qoqotho e bohloko, ho kibana Nko, mahlo a mafubefu, letshollo kapa makgopo a masesane a letlalo
Technology Technology New tools or processes Theknoloji Di sebediswa tse ntjha kapa mehato
Tight Chest Tight Chest When a person's chest hurts and they feel like breathing is difficult Sefuba se tetehaneng (kwalehileng) Ha sefuba sa motho se opa ebile a utlwa a hema ka thata.
Tiredness Tiredness Feeling tire more than usual Mokgathala Ho ikutlwa o kgathetse ho feta matsatsi a mang (mokgathala o sa tlwaelehang).
Transmission Transmission Is the passing/spreading of a disease from an infected individual or group to a previously uninfected individual or group Phetiso (Fetisa) Ho fetisa le ho tshwaetsa ba bang ba neng ba sena tshwaetso.
Transmit pass on Cause (something) to pass on from one person or place to another. Eg: COVID-19 Fetisa (Ho Fetisa) Ho fetisetsa ho motho e mong ka sebakeng se seng. Mohlala:COVID-19
Trial test A test or experiment, usually conducted under specific condition Teko Teko, di etswa tlasa maemo a itseng
Vaccine Vaccine A vaccine is a type of medicine used to prevent diseases caused by viruses – also called viral diseases – like measles, mumps, chickenpox, liver cancer, Cervical Cancer and now Covid-19. Vaccines help prevent the spread of these diseases. A vaccine can be in the form of drops you swallow or an injection into muscles in your body. There are different types of vaccines, but they work similarly in your body to create immunity against a certain illness Ente Ente ke mofuta wa moriana o sebediswang ho thibela ho kula ho bakwang ke di kokwanahloko - lefu la kokwanahloko- jwalo ka maselese, mumps, chickenpox, kankere ya mofetshe, popelo mme jwale le Covid-19. Di ente di thusa ho thibela tshwaetso ya mafu ana. Ente e katla ka mofuta wa marothodi o a kwenyang, kapa wa hlaba nale mesifeng ya mmele. Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ya ente, fela e sebetsa ntho e tshwanang mmeleng, ho aha boitshireletso kgahlano le ho kula ke mafu a itseng
Vaccine hesitancy Vaccine hesitancy When people delay taking the vaccine because they do not know if it works or are afraid of the side-effects Qeaqeo ka ente Ha batho ba dieha ho enta hobane ba sa tsebe ha eba ente ea sebetsa kapa e bolokehile kapa ha ena ditlamorao
Variant Variant A form or version of something that differs in some respect from other forms of the same thing; a new or mutated version of a virus. A variant of Covid-19 that has been identified in South Africa is called 501Y.V2 Mofuta (O Fapaneng) Mokgwa kapa mofuta o fapanang wa hohong ho fapanang le ho itseng ka tsela enngwe empa ele ntho e lenngwe; kokwanahloko e ntjha kapa e fetohileng. Mofuta o motjha wa covid-19 o fumanwe Africa Borwa o bitswang 501Y.V2
Ventilation Ventilation The provision of fresh air to a room, building or building. A space with good airflow is well ventilated Kenomoya Ho dumella moya o hlwekileng ka hare ho phaposi kapa moaho. Sebaka senang le phallo entle ya moya se na le moya o bolokehileng wa ho hema
Viral vector vaccine Viral vector vaccine A weak and changed form of a virus is used in a vaccine to go into our bodies tell the body how the real virus looks and what it does. This helps the body fight when the virus attack the body Ente ya Viral Vector (kokwanahloko e fokolang) Mokgwa o motjha o fokolang wa kokwanahloko o sebediswang ka hara ente ho romella tlhokomediso ya hore kokwanahloko e jwang ebile e etsang mmeleng. Sena se thusa mmele ho itwanela ha o hlaselwa ke kokwanahloko
Virus Virus A virus is an infectious organism of small size and simple composition that can multiply only in living cells of animals, humans, plants, or bacteria. Kokwanahloko Kokwanahloko ke tshwaetso ya ditho tse nyenyane tsa mmele e ka holang mme ya ikatisa ha e ka dulang dithong tse phelang tsa diphoofolo, batho, dumela, le tshila kapa kokwanahloko tse ding
Virus Mutations Virus changes Changes to the structure of a virus which can changes to how it affects the body. All viruses change over time, either because of changes to the environment or because when the virus is spreading there may be mistakes or changes how it copies itself. Ho fetoha ha kokwanahloko Ho fetoha ha sebopeho sa kokwanahloko ho ka fetolang ka moo e hlaselang mmele. Kokwanahloko di fetoha nako e kgolo, e kaba hobane ho bile le diphetoho tsa sebaka kapa ha e jaleha mmeleng ho eba le diphoso kapa e fetole mokgwa oo e ikatisang ka ona.
Vulnerable Vulnerable A person in need of special care, support, or protection because of age, disability, or risk of abuse or neglect Ho ba kotsing (Kotsing) Motho ya hlokang tlhokomelo e ikgethileng, tshehetso kapa tshireletso ka lebaka la dilemo, boqhwala, kotsing ya tlhekefetso kapa ho se hlokomelwe
Wave Wave A wave happens when the number of people infected by COVID-19 increases very fast and the number of people in hospitals of dying is very high Leqhubu Leqhubu ke ha ho etsahala hore palo ya batho ba fumang tshwaetso ya COVID-19 e nyoloha ka sekgahla, mme palo ya batho ba dipetlele le ba hlokahalang e le hodimo