|
| TERM |
PLAIN ENGLISH |
DEFINITION |
TRANSLATION |
TRANSLATION |
| Anaphylaxis / Anaphylactic shock |
Allergic reaction |
A very extreme allergic reaction that can cause a shock to the body, and symptoms
can include skin rash, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing and shock. |
Imiphumelela omubi |
Okuqhamuka muva uma usutholile umjovo |
| Adverse events |
Adverse events |
Any health problem that happens after a shot or other vaccine. An adverse event
might be truly caused by a vaccine, or it might be pure coincidence. |
Ukungezwani komzimba |
Ukuguquka komzimba uma ithinta nento engazwani nayo |
| Antibodies |
Antibodies |
Antibodies are proteins that our bodies make to fight a specific illness that
attacks our bodies. They are specialised soldiers that the body uses to fight every
illness differently. When a new virus like COVID-19 comes attacks us it take the
body a few days to create the soldier antibodies that can attack it. |
Amasosha Omzimba |
Amasosha omzimba esegazini enqanda imbewu yokufa |
| Asymptomatic infection |
Asymptomatic |
An infection without symptoms; no signs of illness. |
Ukugula okungalindelanga |
Ukugula okungatshengisi izimpawu |
| Bacteria |
Bacteria |
Bacteria, also called germs to small to see with the naked eye. Some bacteria are
good for you, while others can make you sick. |
Amagciwane |
Izinto ezincane ezitholwa entweni encolile ezibangela izifo |
| Booster dose |
Booster dose |
An additional dose of a vaccine needed periodically to 'boost' the immune system.
|
Ukufaka umfutho/Umuthi ofaka umfutho |
Umuthi onomfutho |
| Breaking News |
Breaking news |
New and important information. |
Ezihamba Phambili |
Imininingwane entsha |
| Chest Pain |
Chest pain |
When you feel pain in your chest or heart area. |
Isifuba esibuhlungu |
Izinhlungu esifubeni |
| Clinical trial |
Clinical trial |
A clinical trial tests the effectiveness and safety of medications, vaccines or
medical devices by monitoring their effects on large groups of people. Clinical
trials have many steps, and only the last few involve testing medicines on human
beings. Clinical trial results are checked by independent experts. |
Ukuhlolwa komuthi/isivivinyo somtholampilo |
Ukuhlolwa komuthi ukufeza ukuthi uphephile |
| Communicable |
Communicable |
a disease that spreads from one person or animal to another. Some bacteria and
viruses can cause communicable diseases. Other diseases – that do not spread from
person to person, like diabetes or hypertension – are called ‘non-communicable’.
|
Ukutheleka |
Isifo/Igciwane elitheleleka kumuntu/into komunye umuntu |
| Comorbidity |
Pre-existing disease |
Pre-existing diseases are conditions that a person has before getting another
disease . In the context of COVID-19 it refers to existing chronic diseases – like
cardiovascular diseases, diabetes or hypertension, to name a few – that could put
people at a higher risk of developing complications if they are infected with the
Corona virus. |
Isifo kade sikhona |
Izifo/Ukugula okungalapheki |
| Congregate settings |
Gatherings |
When many people come together at the same place and at the same time. E.g.:
parties, marches, schools, prisons, churches etc. |
Umhlangano |
Ukuhlangana kwabantu endaweni ethize |
| Conspiracy Theory |
Fake news story |
Fake news stories are created to combined some facts and incorrect information to
create a story that will convince people that what is told to them by people in
authority like governments, healthcare workers and scientists is not true and will
hurt them. |
Izindaba ezingamanga |
Izindaba ezingamanga |
| Contract |
Become infected |
To catch or develop a disease – you can become infected Covid-19, for example, by
breathing in the droplets of someone who is infected with the virus. |
Uzotheleleka |
Ukuthola igciwane/isifo |
| Contra-indications |
Medicines clash |
When a medicine, or medical process should not be used because it may be harmful to
that person because of pre-existing conditions or other medicine they are using.
|
Ukungahambisani komithi |
Imithi ehlangene ezinga sebenzisani |
| Control group |
Control group |
In any medical experiment or trial, scientists compare what happens when you give an
active medicine like a vaccine to one group to what would happen to a group if no
active medicine or vaccine was given was given to them. The group that did not
receive the active medicine are called the ‘control group’. |
Abantu abazange bagoma |
Iqembu labantu abangatholanga umuthi wokugoma |
| Coping |
Coping |
Being able to get through a difficult experience. |
Bhekana/Melana |
Ukubhekana nenkinga |
| Data |
Information |
Facts, evidence and statistics |
Imininingwane/Ubufakazi |
Amaqiniso noma imininingwane ekhombisa iqiniso |
| Depopulation |
Depopulation |
A process of intentionally trying to kills entire populations and communities to
have less people in the world. There is a lot of fake news that tries to convince
people that COVID-19 or vaccines are meant to kill people. |
Ukuncipha kwabantu |
Ukuzama ukubulala inani labantu ukuze kube nabantu abancane abahlala emhlabeni |
| Depression |
Depression |
A mental health problem where a person feels very sad, tired, unable to cope and
have no energy for long periods of time. |
Ukuzizwa ungemnandi |
Ukuzizwa ungemnandi ube nosizi |
| Diabetic |
Diabetic |
A person with high or low insulin levels. |
Isifo soshukela |
Isifo esibangwa wushukela omningi egazini |
| Diagnosis / Diagnose |
Diagnosis/ Diagnose |
To recognise a disease by its signs and symptoms is to diagnose a disease. If you
test positive for Covid-19, you have a positive diagnosis for the virus. |
Khomba/Khombisa |
Ukubheka izimpawu ukuze kutholakale isifo onaso |
| DNA |
DNA |
The small chemical that determines how a cell will look and what it will do. |
Isotsha lomzimba elitshengisa isiqu |
Isotsha lomzimba elitshengisa isiqu somuntu |
| Dose |
Dose |
The amount of a medicine that you are allowed to take at one time |
Isilinganiso |
Isilinganiso somuthi wokwelapha |
| Drug resistance |
Vaccine resistant |
When a virus changes it becomes hard for the vaccines or medicines that are created
to fight it to find it in our bodies. The vaccine will not work if the virus has
changed too much. |
Umuthi wokugomela |
Igciwane elithola amandla kubenzima amasosha omzimba alwe nayo |
| Dry Cough |
Dry Cough |
A cough that feels like it is coming more from irritation in your throat. |
Ukukwehlela |
Ukukwehlela okungapheli kuze kube buhlungu isifuba |
| Effective |
Works |
We say a vaccine "works” when it helps the body fight against a virus or bacteria.
|
Iyasebenza |
Ukusebenza komuthi |
| Efficacy |
Efficacy |
This tells us how well a vaccine works. The “efficacy” of a vaccine is its ability
to prevent illness and create immunity against a virus or bacteria. |
Ukusebenza |
Amandla okusebenza komuthi |
| Evidence |
Proven facts |
Facts or information which tell you whether an idea or belief is true. |
Iqiniso |
Imininingwane eyiqiniso |
| Experiment |
Experiment |
An operation or procedure carried out by scientists under controlled conditions in
order to discover or investigate something unknown; to test or establish a
hypothesis. |
Ukuhlolwa |
Inqubo eyenziwa ukuthola okungaziwa |
| Exposed/exposure |
Exposed |
When you have been in contact with a person that has a virus like COVID-19. |
Okuveziwe |
Ukuba nokuthintana nomuntu oneCOVID-19 ungenayo |
| Flattening the curve |
Flattening the curve |
Slowing down the spread of COVID-19 so that there are not too many people sick at
the same time and hospitals are not too busy to help everyone. |
Ukwehlisa ukubhebhetheka |
Ukwehlisa ukubhebhetheka |
| headache |
Headache |
Pain in your head |
Ikhanda |
Ukuphatwa yikhanda |
| High fever |
High fever |
When your temperature is above 37 degrees, usually leads to sweating. |
Imfiva ephakeme/phezulu |
Ukushiselwa komzimba |
| Hotline |
Hotline |
A phone services that provides specific information. |
Ucingo olusheshayo lokubika |
Ucingo olusetshenziswa ukuthola imininingwane ethile |
| hypertension |
Hypertension |
High blood pressure. |
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu |
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu |
| hypotension |
Hypotension |
Low blood pressure. |
Umfutho wegazi ophansi |
Umfutho wegazi ophansi |
| Immune response |
Immune response |
The way you body fights against bacteria, viruses, and substances that appear
foreign and harmful. |
Ukulwa komzimba |
Indlela Umzimba olwa ngayo igciwane |
| Immune system |
Immune system |
All the parts of your body that fights against virus and germ. The immune system
keeps a record of every germ/bacteria/virus it has ever defeated so it can recognise
and destroy it quickly if it enters the body again. We say the immune system has a
memory. |
Amasosha omzimba |
Izitho zomzimba ezilwa negciwane |
| Immunisation |
Immunisation |
Is the process where a person's body is given a vaccine that helps it fight a new
virus like COVID-19. |
Ukuvikeleka |
Ukugonywa komunti ukuze umuntu avikeleke, avikele nabanye |
| Immunity |
Immunity |
When your immune system has a memory of a virus and sends the correct antibodies to
fight the virus. This memory can be created by a vaccine. |
Ukulwa kwamasosha omzimba |
Uma umzimba ukhumbula igciwane elithize lisebenzise amasosha afanele ukuze alwe |
| Immuno- compromised |
Immuno-compromised |
Having a weak ability for your body to fight a disease because of pre-exiting
diseases. |
Ukungaphili komzimba |
Umzimba awutholi amandla ukulwa igciwane ngenxa yokugula okungalapheki |
| Incubate |
Incubate |
Before you get symptoms of a particular illness, the bacteria or virus that causes
disease is spreading slowly in your body to make you feel sick. |
Fukamela/Theleka |
Ukutheleka kwegciwane emzimbeni ngaphambi kokutshengisa izimpawu |
| Infectious |
Infectious |
Contagious/catchy – capable of making an infection. |
Isifo esithathelwanayo |
Isifo esithathelwanayo |
| Inoculation |
Inoculation |
Another word for vaccination or immunisation – the process where you become immune
to an infectious disease. |
Ukujova |
Ukuba nobuvikelelaka ngenxa yesifo/yegciwane |
| Interaction |
How medicines mix |
Some medicines have effects on each other, or may make it difficult or easier for
other medicines to work. This can cause side effects or can make a medicine work
better. Always tell a doctor what medicine you are using when they need to give you
more medicine. |
Ukuhlangiswa komithi |
Ubunzima bomithi ngokusebenzisana |
| Jab |
Jab |
A word that describes getting a vaccine dose. |
Umjovo |
Ukuthola umgomo |
| Laboratory |
undefined |
A place equipped for experimental study in a science or for testing and analysis a
research. |
Indawo yokusebenzela ososayensi |
Indawo yokusebenzela ososayensi |
| Lockdown |
Lockdown |
A government regulation to limits people's movements and makes certain health
behaviours compulsory. |
Ukuvalwa kwezwe |
Ukuvalelwa kwezwe ngokomthetho ngenxa yesifo |
| Mandatory |
Compulsory |
Required by a law or rule: obligatory/compulsory. |
Kubalulekile |
Imithetho efanele ilandelwe |
| Microscopic |
Very small |
Something so small that you cannot see it with the naked eye – something you can
only see through a microscope. Bacteria and viruses are microscopic, for example.
|
Into engabonakali kalula |
Igciwane elingabonakali kalula kuze kudingakala isibonakhulu |
| Mimic |
Copy |
To copy / look-like / imitate something. |
Uhlobo olodwa |
Uhlobo olodwa |
| mRNA |
mRNA |
Messenger-RNA are small chemicals that send messages to your cells to tell them
about how a new virus that has not attacked the body yet will look. It is used in
vaccines to create immune system memory. |
Isilungiselelo |
Isilungiselelo elisiza amasosha omzimba ukulwa negciwane |
| Mucus |
Mucus |
A slime found in the body. |
Amafinyela |
Amafinyela atholakala emzimbeni |
| Myths |
Myths |
A widely held but false belief or idea. There are many myths – otherwise known as
fake news or fictions – about Covid-19 and vaccines. |
Okuyona iqiniso |
Indaba engenaqiniso |
| Non-pharmaceutical interventions |
health behaviours |
Things that every person can do to prevent a disease that does not involve taking
medicine. |
Ukuzinakekela |
Izinqumo ezithatwa ukuvikela ukugula |
| Nurse |
Nurse |
A health worker that is the first and most regular person to give you care at a
medical facility. |
Umhlengikazi |
Umuntu wetholampilo oqeqeshelwe ukunakekela abantu abagulayo |
| Nursing |
Nursing |
A job where people care for the medical needs of people in clinics and hospitals.
|
Ukunakekela |
Ukunakekela abantu abagulayo |
| Open spaces |
Open spaces |
Places that are outdoors and have a lot of fresh air |
Izindawo ezivulekile |
Izindawo ezivulekile ezishaya umoya |
| Pandemic |
Pandemic |
A pandemic is an when a disease spreads across a large region, for instance multiple
continents or worldwide, affecting a large number of people. |
Ukubhebhetheka kwesifo eyingozi |
Isifo/Igciwane elibhebhetheka ezweni noma umhlaba wonke kuphila kanzima abantu |
| PCR test |
Covid test |
A test that uses a sample from the back of your nose and mouth to know if there is
COVID-19 virus in your body. The test can be done in a clinic, hospital, laboratory
or even in your car. |
Ukuhlola |
Ukuhlola ukuthi unegciwane futhi linjani |
| Peer review |
Independently tested |
The process where scientists who were not involved with the trial – or who are
independent experts – check test results for a scientific study is called peer
review. This is a way of making sure that the results of an experiment/trial/study
are accurate. |
Ukuhlola okweqele |
Ukuhlola okweqele ososayensi okubhekene nento eyodwa |
| Placebo |
Placebo |
Substance or treatment that has no effect on human beings. |
Umuthi ongenzi lutho |
Umuthi ongenzi lutho emzimbeni |
| Population immunity |
Population immunity |
Also known as herd immunity’, population immunity is when at least 70% of a
community have antibodies that help them fight a new virus like COVID-19. This can
happen through many people being infected with the virus or through many people
getting a vaccine. |
Ukuvikeleka kweze |
Ukujova iningi labantu ngomgomo ukuze bazivikele bavikele nabanye |
| PPE |
PPE |
Personal protective equipment (PPE), is equipment worn to minimize exposure to
hazards that cause injuries and illnesses. Masks are part of PPE. |
Impahla yokuvikela |
Impahla egqokwa ukuzivikela ukuze ungalimali noma ungatholi ukuthintana entweni
eyingozi |
| Public health |
Public Health |
Public health is the process of protecting and improving the health of people and
their communities. |
Impilo yompakathi |
Ukuvikeleka yempilo yabantu |
| Public spaces |
Public spaces |
Any public place where people who are not from home can gather. |
Izindawo zomphakathi |
Indawo yompakathi lapho kuhlangana khona abantu |
| Quarantine |
Quarantine |
When a person who is or could be infected with a virus needs to stop being with
other people so that they do not spread the virus. |
Ukuvalelwa ngenxa yesifo |
Ukuzivalela ngenxa yokutshengisa izimpawu noma unegciwane |
| Register |
Register |
The process using your phone or computer to give your details so that you can get
the vaccine. |
Bhalisa |
Ukunikela ngolwazi lomuntu siqu ukuze uthole umuthi wokugoma |
| Replicate |
undefined |
When a virus is spreading in your body, it is making more copies of the virus. |
Phindaphinda |
Uhlobo olufanayo legciwane olutheleka emzimbeni |
| Review |
Review |
The process of checking if a vaccine is safe before it gets approved by government.
Evidence from more than one phase of a clinical trial can be reviewed at the same
time while the experiment continues. |
Ukuhlolwa okuthile |
Ukuhlolwa komuthi ukuthi uphephile |
| Saline |
Salt water |
A solution of salt in water. |
Usawoti/itswayi |
Amanzi anosawoti/Amanzi anotswayi |
| Sanitize |
Sanitise |
To clean you hands with an alcohol based substance. |
Sebenzisa/Faka Isibulala magciwane |
Ukusebenzisa isibulala magciwane ukubulala amagciwane |
| SARS COV-2 |
COVID-19 |
Covid-19, also known as the Corona Virus or SARS-CoV-2, is a mild to severe illness
attacks parts of the body that help people breath. It spreads through droplets in
the air or from touching people or thing that have the droplets that have the virus
in it. |
Covid-19 |
Isifo esidalwa igciwane esihlukumeza izitho zomzimba ngokuphefumula |
| Screening |
Screening |
Screening is questions asked to determine a person’s risk of infection for a
particular disease. |
Ukuhlola |
Ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu zomuntu |
| Self-Isolation |
Self-isolation |
Is a way to keep yourself from possibly infecting others if you think you might be
infected. It involves limiting contact with public places, relatives, friends,
colleagues, and public transport. |
Ukuhlaliswa wedwa |
Ukuhlala wedwa kuze ungatheleli abanye ngokugula |
| Social distancing |
Social distancing |
The practice of maintaining a greater than usual physical distance (such as 1.5
meters or more) from other people. |
Ukuqela eduze nabanye |
Ukungathintani nabanye |
| Soreness |
Soreness |
Pain in your muscles and joints. |
Izinhlungu |
Izinhlungu zomsipha namalunga |
| Spike Protein |
Spike protein |
The COVID-19 virus looks like it was many small stick on it. These sticks have bad
protein that help COVID-19 to enter the body and attach to parts of the body that
have good protein that it starts to attack. |
Igciwane elimiswe kwemeva |
Izinto ezimiswe kwemeva ezisebenzisana negciwane ukuze ihlasela umzimba |
| Susceptible |
Vulnerable |
When a person can get sick quickly or because of pre-exiting diseases could get very
sick. |
Ukugula kalula |
Ukugula ngokushesha |
| Symptoms |
Symptoms |
Physical or mental signs of an illness. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are
fever, dry cough, and tiredness. Other symptoms that are less common and may affect
some patients include loss of taste or smell, aches and pains, headache, sore
throat, nasal congestion, red eyes, diarrhoea, or a skin rash. |
Izimpawu |
Ukushintshwa kwezitho zomzimba ukutshengisa ukugula |
| Technology |
Technology |
New tools or processes. |
Ubuchwepheshe |
Izindlela ezintsha zokusebenza |
| Tight Chest |
Tight Chest |
When a person's chest hurts and they feel like breathing is difficult. |
Isifuba esiqinene |
Ukuba nesifuba esibuhlungu kuze kube nzima ukuphefumula |
| Tiredness |
Tiredness |
Feeling tire more than usual |
Ukukhathala |
Ukukhathala okungapheli |
| Transmission |
Transmission |
Is the passing/spreading of a disease from an infected individual or group to a
previously uninfected individual or group. |
Ukundluliswa |
Ukutheleka kwegciwane |
| Transmit |
Pass on |
Cause (something) to pass on from one person or place to another. E.g.: COVID-19.
|
Ukuthelela |
Ukuba nokuthintana nomuntu oneCOVID-19 ungenayo |
| Trial |
Test |
A test or experiment, usually conducted under specific condition. |
Ukuhlola |
Ukuhlola ukuthi unegciwane elinjani |
| Vaccine |
Vaccine |
A medicine that is injected into the body to help the body learn how to fight a new
virus. It helps the immune system build memory so if the virus enters the body, the
body is ready to fight. |
Umgomo |
Umuthi osetshenziswa ukulwa igciwane |
| Vaccine hesitancy |
Vaccine hesitancy |
When people delay taking the vaccine because they do not know if it works or are
afraid of the side-effects. |
Ukungafuni ukuthola umgomo |
Ukungafuni ukuthola umjovo ngenxa yolwazi oluncane |
| Variant |
Variant |
A form or version of something that differs in some respect from other forms of the
same thing; a new or mutated version of a virus. A variant of Covid-19 that has been
identified in South Africa is called 501Y.V2 |
Inhlobo enye yegciwane |
Inhlobo enye yegciwane |
| Ventilation |
Ventilation |
The provision of fresh air to a room, building or building. A space with good
airflow is well ventilated. |
Umoya omusha |
Ukungeniswa komoya endaweni evalekile |
| Viral vector vaccine |
Viral vector vaccine |
A weak and changed form of a virus is used in a vaccine to go into our bodies tell
the body how the real virus looks and what it does. This helps the body fight when
the virus attack the body. |
Uhlobo lomgomo |
Uhlobo lomgomo olusiza amasosha omzimba ukulwa negciwane |
| Virus |
Virus |
A virus is an infectious organism of small size and simple composition that can
multiply only in living cells of animals, humans, plants, or bacteria. |
Igciwane |
Ukubulawa kwamasosha omzimba |
| Virus Mutations |
Virus changes |
Changes to the structure of a virus which can changes to how it affects the body.
All viruses change over time, either because of changes to the environment or
because when the virus is spreading there may be mistakes or changes how it copies
itself. |
Ukushintsha kwegciwane |
Ushintso legciwane lapho sekushintsha ukuthi lizokugulisa kanjani |
| Vulnerable |
Vulnerable |
A person in need of special care, support, or protection because of age, disability,
or risk of abuse or neglect. |
Ukudinga ukunakekelwa |
Umuntu odinga ukunakekelwa ngenxa yesimo |
| Wave |
Wave |
A wave happens when the number of people infected by COVID-19 increases very fast
and the number of people in hospitals of dying is very high. |
Ukukhuphuka okwephakeme kokugula |
Ukukhuphuka okwephakeme kwenani labantu abatholokala negciwane |
